I am also having this issue via USB (not a problem with Bluetooth) with an iPhone 7. iOS 11.3.1. Ford Sync 2 - V3.8 and same after updating to V3.10. Also will get a navigation card fault (this does not happen until I plug my phone into the USB).
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I have changed lightening cords.
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New Sync w/My Ford Touch update EA5T-14D544-AD Gen2 - V3.8. With zero status change to the software update feedback required message from owner.ford.com under. In response to Bobbsee. I am also having this issue via USB (not a problem with Bluetooth) with an iPhone 7. Ford Sync 2 - V3.8 and same after updating to V3.10. Also will get a navigation card fault (this does not happen until I plug my phone into the USB). I have changed lightening cords.
Hard reset of the phone.
Master rest on the sync2 system several times.
Xprinter xp 58iih driver for mac. Minitool partition wizard 11 6. I tested my wife’s iPhone7 plus on 11.3.0 and her phone does not have the USB connection issue and the navigation card does not fault
I have tested my daughters older iPhone5s with older update (pre-11.3.1) and no issue.

Minitool partition wizard full version free download. May 19, 2018 10:08 AM